Jurnal Bisnis Darmajaya

The high blood pressure or hypertension is a very common health problem and is regarded as the "silent murderer". It is a disease of modern times and very dangerous because it often has no warning signs or symptoms. The pressure uncontrolled is a serious health problem because they can increase your risk of heart disease and having a stroke.

What is blood pressure?

Blood vessels are the part of the circulatory system that carry blood throughout the body. One of the blood vessels is the arteries. Blood circulates through the arteries within the body and provides all cells with nutrients and oxygen to the body's organs to perform their functions. The heart pumps blood into the arteries creating a pressure inside them and this is called blood pressure.

A certain level of blood pressure is essential to keep the blood circulating, but when this pressure is too high, it becomes hypertension. If your blood pressure is high, your heart works harder than normal to pump blood throughout the body, ultimately leading to different types of health problems.

The second type of blood vessels are capillaries. They are so small that they cannot be seen without the aid of a microscope. In most cases, capillary walls are only one or two cells thick, and they are so narrow that blood cells have to queue up to pass through them. The job of capillaries is to regulate pressure. In a perfect state, when the body has less pressure, the capillaries open for blood to pass through and when the pressure is high, they narrow. If all the capillaries are open at the same time, the blood pressure would drop abruptly and you would die.

Symptoms of hypertension

Mild and moderate hypertension may not produce any symptoms for years, but when they do appear it shows various symptoms.

• Pain in the back of the head and neck when waking up in the morning
• Dizziness
• Pains in the arms, shoulder region, legs, back, etc,
• Palpitations
• Pain in the region of the heart
• Headache
• Nosebleeds
• Frequent urination
• Nervous tension and fatigue
• Bad mood
• Emotional upset
• Fatigue
• Sleeping problems

If hypertension or high blood pressure is not treated, you are at risk of having a heart attack or stroke.

What are the causes of high blood pressure hypertension?

Renin overproduction by the kidney

The kidneys play an important role in the control of blood pressure through the secretion of renin. Renin is an enzyme that is released by the kidney to help control the body's sodium-potassium balance, fluid volume, and blood pressure. Helps control narrowing of the arteries. When blood pressure drops for whatever reason, special cells in the kidney detect the change and release renin into the bloodstream. When renin is over-produced in the kidney, it causes hypertension or high blood pressure. Infections, inflammations, and bad kidneys often produce too much renin, which forms hypertension.

The kidneys with the help of renin regulate the amount of water in the body. If there is too much water, the blood pressure of the body will rise, and conversely, if there is too little water, the blood pressure will drop. For this reason, it is important to drink plenty of water, to hydrate yourself and avoid table salt that retains body fluids.

Too much insulin is a cause of hypertension or high blood pressure

High blood pressure is also related to the body producing too much insulin. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps use carbohydrates in the diet for fuel. When you eat too many carbohydrates along with a high-fat diet, the carbohydrates push the insulin into the fat cells, where it can be stored. Too much insulin has harmful effects on the body that can lead to heart disease. If you are overweight, there is a great chance that the cells in your body are resistant to insulin. However, this is not only a problem for overweight people. According to a 1988 study in the journal Diabetes, 25 percent of people who are not overweight also have insulin resistance.

When the body produces too much insulin, it damages the lining of the arteries as it tends to make them "sticky," which is more attractive for the white blood cells to cause inflammation. These inflammations make the arteries less flexible, which increases blood pressure. In addition, these inflammations establish an environment for the formation of cholesterol plaques, which narrow the arteries which contribute to hypertension.

Lowering your insulin level leads to lifestyle changes including: weight loss, a natural diet with lots of fruits and vegetables, regular exercise, and relaxation as mental strain increases adrenaline in your bloodstream which causes the blood pressure to rise.

Smoking, caffeine, and stress cause hypertension

Smoking and excessive consumption of toxins such as tea, coffee, cola, and refined and processed foods damage arteries and veins. Obesity, diabetes, constipation, food allergies, and a high-fat, low-fiber diet all cause high blood pressure. The most important causes of hypertension are stress and a faulty lifestyle. L as people who are stressed over a long period of time, can have a continuously high blood pressure, making it difficult to reduce, even after removal of the stress.

Blurred vision can be related to various things, but in many cases, it is a sign of a refractive error like nearsightedness, farsightedness, or astigmatism. Another common cause of blurry vision is presbyopia, which is an age-related condition many of us will experience within our lifetime.

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